Home non-invasive ventilation: current controversies, technological progress, and personalized care
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Obesity hypoventilation syndrome and its treatment
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Modes, settings, and the place where ventilation should be initiated
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Ventilator built-in software: is it a useful and reliable tool?
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Role of polysomnography in parameter adjusment and ventilation monitoring
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Visualization and monitoring of the upper airway during non- invasive respiratory therapies
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Muscle dysfunction in chronic respiratory diseases
Muscle involvement is no longer regarded as a mere secondary consequence of chronic respiratory diseases, but rather as a central component of their pathophysiology and clinical impact. This issue of BRN Reviews focuses precisely on this systemic dimension of respiratory diseases, bringing together a series of reviews that explore the biological mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and […]
Pathophysiology underlying muscle dysfunction and its most relevant associated clinical factors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of mortality and a top-10 cause of disability worldwide.1 COPD is characterized by airflow limitation, resulting from airway inflammation and remodeling, together with destruction of lung parenchyma.2 Beyond respiratory impairments, approximately 50% of patients with severe COPD develop muscle dysfunction,3 primarily affecting the lower […]
Clinical drivers of skeletal muscle dysfunction in COPD and other chronic respiratory diseases
Introduction Muscle dysfunction in chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) encompasses loss of maximal force and/or premature fatigability in respiratory and/or limb muscles. It is highly prevalent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and occurs across other CRDs, often independently of airflow obstruction or restriction severity and traditional physiological metrics.1–21 Beyond symptoms, muscle dysfunction impairs daily activities, […]
Skeletal muscle dysfunction and sarcopenia in bronchiectasis: clinical and biological mechanisms
Introduction Bronchiectasis is a chronic and heterogeneous respiratory disease characterized by abnormal and permanent dilation of the bronchi, chronic cough, sputum production, recurrent respiratory infections, and progressive airflow limitation. Historically considered a localized airway disorder, bronchiectasis is now widely recognized as a systemic disease with important extrapulmonary manifestations that significantly influence functional status, quality of […]